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敏捷宣言个人与交互  重于  过程和工具可用的软件  重于  完备的文档客户协作    重于  合同谈判响应变化    重于  遵守计划以人为本,交付价值,拥抱变化,持续改进
敏捷十二原则					&amp;#96;交付价">
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                <p>PMP 敏捷知识点整理 <span id="more"></span></p>
<h2 id="敏捷宣言"><a href="#敏捷宣言" class="headerlink" title="敏捷宣言"></a>敏捷宣言</h2><p>个人与交互  重于  过程和工具<br>可用的软件  重于  完备的文档<br>客户协作    重于  合同谈判<br>响应变化    重于  遵守计划<br><code>以人为本,交付价值,拥抱变化,持续改进</code></p>
<h2 id="敏捷十二原则"><a href="#敏捷十二原则" class="headerlink" title="敏捷十二原则"></a>敏捷十二原则</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">					&#96;交付价值&#96;
1、我们的最高目标是，通过尽早持续交付有价值的软件来满足客户的需求。
2、可用的软件是衡量进度的首要度量标准。
3、要经常交付可用的软件，周期从几周到几个月不等，且越短越好。
4、对技术的精益求精以及对设计的不断完善将提高敏捷性。
5、简洁，即尽最大可能减少不必要的工作，这是一门艺术。
					&#96;以人为本&#96;
6、敏捷过程是提倡可持续的开发，项目发起人，开发人员和用户应该始终保持步调稳定。
7、项目实施过程中，业务人员与开发人员必须通力协作。
8、要善于激励项目人员，给予他们所需的环境和支持，并相信他们能够完成任务。
9、无论是对开发团队还是内部，信息传递最具有效的方法都是面对面的交谈。
10、最佳的架构、需求和设计将出自于自组织的团队。
					&#96;拥抱变化&#96;
11、欢迎对需求提出变更，即使在项目开发后期也不例外，敏捷过程要善于利用需求变更，帮助客户获得竞争优势。
					&#96;持续改进&#96;
12、团队要定期反省怎么做才能最有效，并相应地调整团队的行为。<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsnkv5lf2j30iw09o41p.jpg" alt="知识金字塔"></p>
<h2 id="Scrum-方法的敏捷角色"><a href="#Scrum-方法的敏捷角色" class="headerlink" title="Scrum 方法的敏捷角色"></a>Scrum 方法的敏捷角色</h2><ul>
<li>产品负责人（需求方）<ul>
<li><strong>理战略</strong>: 制作产品路线图</li>
<li><strong>定需求</strong>: 增加、调整用户故事、根据商业价值对用户故事进行排序</li>
<li><strong>做验收</strong>: 项目成果的评审反馈</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Scrum Master<ul>
<li><strong>保护</strong>: 保护团队不被中断</li>
<li><strong>保障</strong>: 移除障碍</li>
<li><strong>保持</strong>: 通过项目和团队章程，保持持续引导项目愿景</li>
<li><strong>保姆</strong>: 为团队提供支持</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>团队<ul>
<li><strong>虚拟团队</strong>: 鱼缸窗口和远程结对</li>
<li><strong>工作区域</strong>: 私人区域和公共区域</li>
<li><strong>渗透式沟通</strong></li>
<li><strong>全职的通才跨职能自组织团队</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="敏捷项目交付方法"><a href="#敏捷项目交付方法" class="headerlink" title="敏捷项目交付方法"></a>敏捷项目交付方法</h2><ul>
<li>精益</li>
<li>Less</li>
<li>Scrum of Scrums</li>
<li>DSDM</li>
<li>FDD</li>
<li>看板</li>
<li>XP</li>
<li>Scrum</li>
<li>SAFe</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="看板"><a href="#看板" class="headerlink" title="看板"></a>看板</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxspnzsboqj30j50ctjtm.jpg" alt="看板 VS 工作板"></p>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxspolzlxnj30lz0d3q5c.jpg" alt="看板"></p>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsprlxt5gj30jd0cm41d.jpg" alt="看板的累计流量图"></p>
<h3 id="XP"><a href="#XP" class="headerlink" title="XP"></a>XP</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxspt3bzvnj30f40caq8w.jpg" alt="XP的技术实践"><br><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsptoxot8j30dq08rn0r.jpg" alt="XP的技术实践"></p>
<h3 id="其他技术实践"><a href="#其他技术实践" class="headerlink" title="其他技术实践"></a>其他技术实践</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxspv9ccg4j30fc0dcth3.jpg" alt="其他技术实践"></p>
<h2 id="Scrum-管理框架要素"><a href="#Scrum-管理框架要素" class="headerlink" title="Scrum 管理框架要素"></a>Scrum 管理框架要素</h2><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxso1pqtb0j30cw09e76f.jpg" alt="管理框架要素"></p>
<ul>
<li>产品待办列表，也叫用户故事集，每个需求都是一个用户故事。<br>用户故事三要素：<br>1、作为&lt;角色&gt;，在&lt;时间/地点&gt;,我想&lt;做什么&gt;，是为了&lt;什么目的/商业价值&gt;<br>2、于是，我&lt;怎么做/怎样操作&gt;<br>3、最后&lt;如何验证&gt;</li>
<li>产品待办梳理会<ul>
<li>内容：把当前产品的需求清单进行梳理，包括排优先级、拆成粒度适中的故事卡片等。</li>
<li>时间：两周的冲刺用1小时的时间讨论</li>
<li>与冲刺规划会议的关系：只有产品待办列表梳理会完成，冲刺规划会议才能开始</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsoes04y9j30ns0c5q5m.jpg" alt="要素">    </p>
<ul>
<li><p>估算用户故事</p>
<ul>
<li>故事点估算</li>
<li>扑克估算</li>
<li>T-SHIRT 规模估算</li>
<li>亲和规模估算</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>评估用户故事优先级</p>
<ul>
<li>莫斯科法(MoSCoW): M必须有, S应该有,C可以有, W不会有</li>
<li>Kanno 模型: 基本需求、性能需要、愉悦需要</li>
<li>100点法: 分给每人100点，他们可以使用这些点给最需要的需求投票</li>
<li>相对量级: 根据客户的判断，按照产品的特性价值最大化来排序</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="估算团队速率"><a href="#估算团队速率" class="headerlink" title="估算团队速率"></a>估算团队速率</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsowt06e5j30nl0cbwhz.jpg" alt="团队速率"></p>
<h3 id="敏捷进度计划"><a href="#敏捷进度计划" class="headerlink" title="敏捷进度计划"></a>敏捷进度计划</h3><p>传统：通常制定出1-2层进度计划<br>敏捷：制定出多层进度计划<br><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsozfzl8zj30nl0d4juj.jpg" alt="进度计划"></p>
<h3 id="冲刺规划会"><a href="#冲刺规划会" class="headerlink" title="冲刺规划会"></a>冲刺规划会</h3><p>敏捷：制定出下一轮冲刺计划，描述冲刺如何开展<br>传统：制定出项目管理计划，详细描述项目如何开展</p>
<ul>
<li>前半部分：团队向产品负责人询问待办列表的内容、目的、含义及意图</li>
<li>后半部分：团队计划本冲刺的安排<ul>
<li>把用户故事继续分解为活动</li>
<li>团队成员确定活动分工</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="项目工作监控"><a href="#项目工作监控" class="headerlink" title="项目工作监控"></a>项目工作监控</h3><p>敏捷：自承诺+自组织<br>传统：监督+控制    </p>
<h3 id="每日站立会"><a href="#每日站立会" class="headerlink" title="每日站立会"></a>每日站立会</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsp7wtd94j30k50d5dms.jpg" alt="每日站立会"></p>
<h3 id="Scrum-任务板"><a href="#Scrum-任务板" class="headerlink" title="Scrum 任务板"></a>Scrum 任务板</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsp8rfa5cj30gm0b8goj.jpg" alt="Scrum 任务板"></p>
<h3 id="燃尽图、燃起图"><a href="#燃尽图、燃起图" class="headerlink" title="燃尽图、燃起图"></a>燃尽图、燃起图</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsp9l3znqj30gq0d6mzq.jpg" alt="燃尽图、燃起图"></p>
<h3 id="风险燃尽图"><a href="#风险燃尽图" class="headerlink" title="风险燃尽图"></a>风险燃尽图</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxspaw1wjvj30gs0chac2.jpg" alt="风险燃尽图"></p>
<h3 id="项目或阶段收尾"><a href="#项目或阶段收尾" class="headerlink" title="项目或阶段收尾"></a>项目或阶段收尾</h3><p>敏捷：冲刺评审验收<br>传统：项目评审验收<br><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxspd5jw0pj30gm0c2dk2.jpg" alt="项目或阶段收尾"></p>
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<h3 id="敏捷转型原则"><a href="#敏捷转型原则" class="headerlink" title="敏捷转型原则"></a>敏捷转型原则</h3><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxsq27ewnuj30cr0db0vq.jpg" alt="敏捷转型"></p>
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<h2 id="错题"><a href="#错题" class="headerlink" title="错题"></a>错题</h2><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxs3ctznolj30na0a940h.jpg" alt="需求变更"></p>
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<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxs3pd9uxzj30lj09qdi0.jpg" alt="变更管理"></p>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxs3q3d64sj30lt09lgn6.jpg" alt="扑克估算"></p>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxs3r2fvu3j30ln0gh0va.jpg" alt="卡诺分析"></p>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxs3vad5duj30m20a0jsp.jpg" alt="站会"></p>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006P3gUjgy1gxs3wfqbkmj30m80am760.jpg" alt="项目进展"></p>
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